IUI is recommended when there’s a good likelihood of a successful pregnancy, but fertilization proves challenging. Prior to undergoing IUI, both partners undergo assessments: men for sperm count, motility, and quality, and women for factors such as ovulation health, tubal patency, cervical factors, and the presence of anti-sperm antibodies.
It’s crucial to recognize that the window for fertilization is narrow, typically just over 12 hours following ovulation. To optimize the chances of fertilization, menstrual cycles are meticulously tracked using various methods including ovulation kits, blood tests, ultrasound scans, basal body temperature monitoring, and observation of vaginal mucus color, texture, and cervix position.
In some cases, medications may be utilized to induce a stimulated cycle, enhancing the likelihood of successful artificial insemination. If sperm is sourced from a sperm bank, it is typically quarantined and frozen, necessitating thawing before use. Upon ovulation, the semen is introduced into the woman’s reproductive tract via intrauterine, vaginal, or cervical insemination, depending on the chosen method. In certain instances, sperm may be introduced twice within the same treatment cycle.
During the insemination procedure, washed sperm is carefully injected into the uterus using a catheter. It’s essential to note that using unwashed semen can lead to uterine cramping, as the body may perceive it as a foreign substance, potentially expelling it. Patients are advised to rest for at least 15 minutes post-procedure to enhance the chances of fertilization.
Intrauterine Insemination (IUI) is considered more effective than Intra Cervical Insemination (ICI) due to the direct introduction of sperm into the uterus, significantly boosting the likelihood of fertilization.
